Lb Am 




/i3i 



INSTRUCTIONS 



.<^^' 



FROM THE 



REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY, 



TO THE 



ACADEMIES SUBJECT TO THEIR VISITATION; 



PRESCRTBING A MINIMUM IN VALUE FOR THE LIBRARIES AND PHILOSOPHICAL AP- 

PARATUS OF academies; RECOMMENDING CERTAIN BOOKS AND ARTICLES OF 

APPARATUS FOR THEIR USE ; REQUIRING CERTAIN ACADEMIES TO ESTABLISH 

AND MAINTAIN DEPARTMENTS FOR THE EDUCATION OF 

COMMON SCHOOL TEACHERS, &C. &C. 



PREPARED IN OBEDIENCE TO A RESOLUTION OF THE REGENTS OF THE 
7th OF JUNE, 1839. 



ALBANY: 

printed by E. CROSWELL, PRINTER TO THE STATE. 

1839. 









Copies of the instructions herewith published, will be sent to every 
academy in the State subject to the visitation of the Regents. They are 
not intended to supersede the general instructions of 1838, but are merely 
supplementary to them. 

GIDEON HAWLEY, 

Secretary of the University. 
Albany, June 20tk, 1839. 



J 
I 



INSTRUCTIONS, &c. 



Minimum in value of Academic Libraries and Philosophical Apparatus. 
The following extract, from the last annual report of the Regents of the 
University to the Legislature, is deemed a suitable introduction to their 
instructions, on the subject above referred to. 

" The act of the Legislature of the 17th of April, 1838, having intro- 
duced a new principle of distribution— that of requiring every academy 
subject to the visitation of the Regents to show property invested in suita- 
ble academic buildings, library and philosophical apparatus, to the value 
of at least $2,500, as the only condition on which it can be permitted to 
enjoy any share of the public money— it therefore became necessary, in 
cases where it appeared that an academy had no library or philosophical 
apparatus, (although the value of its lot and buildings might exceed 
$2,500,) to require it to supply itself with a suitable library or apparatus, 
as a condition of receiving its distributive share of the public money. 
But where it appeared from the report of an academy, that it had a libra- 
ry and philosophical apparatus, although of small amount in value, the 
report was accepted as sufficient for the present year, as no order had 
been taken by the Regents on the subject of such value; they having de- 
ferred acting on it until they should be better informed of the actual con- 
dition of academies, in respect to their libraries and philosophical appa- 
ratus. Such information having now been obtained, it is the intention of 
the Regents to establish, for the future, a minimum in value of the libra- 
ry and apparatus, which every academy will be required to possess." 

At the time of making the report, from which the above extract is taken, 
the Regents had referred the subject, embraced in the extract, to their 
standing committee on the appropriation of money for the purchase of 
books and apparatus for the use of academies, consisting of Messrs. Dix, 
King and McKown, and at a subsequent meeting of the Regents, held on 



4 

the 7th June, 1839, Mr. Dix, from the committee ahove named, submit- 
ted the following 

REPORT: 

The whole number of academies subject to the visitation of the Regents 
of the University, is 116, exclusive of the grammar schools of the Uni- 
versity of the city of New- York and Columbia College ; of which num- 
ber, 103 became entitled to participate in the late distribution of the in- 
come of the Literature fund. Of the 103 academies so participating, 28 
have less than $100 each invested in libraries, 41 have less than $150, 
and 60 (more than half of the whole number) have less than $200. Of 
the same 103 academies, 29 have less than $100 each invested in appa- 
ratus, 36 have less than $150, and 49 have less than $200. Of the 41 
academies which have less than $150 each invested in libraries, only 
7 have property of a less value than $3,500; and of the 36 academies 
which have less than $150 each invested in apparatus, 14 have less than 
$3,500 of property. Of the 41 first named academies, 15 report no other 
property than their lot, buildings, library and apparatus ; and of the 36 
last named academies, 18 report no other property. Of the above men- 
tioned academies, there are 19 in which neither the library nor the appa- 
ratus is of the value of $150. 

The following statement Avill show the deficiencies in libraries and ap- 
paratus, if the value of each be fixed at $150; it also shows the amount of 
the property of the academies in which such deficiencies exist, and the 
amount they have from time to time received from the Regents of the 
University for the purchase of libraries and apparatus. 



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It is to be observed, that the foregomg statement is founded on the last 
annual reports of the academies, and that 17 of them have received from 
the Literature fund appropriations for the purchase of books and appara- 
tus, since the first of January last, which, with the equal sum they are 
required to raise, are sufficient, or nearly sufficient, in all cases, to cover 
the deficiencies existing at the time those reports were made. There are 
also 9 other academies included in this statement, which have received, 
since 1834, from the Literature fund, for the purchase of books and ap- 
paratus, sums exceeding the amount of their respective deficiencies. 

The whole number of academies included in this statement is 58. De- 
ducting from this number the 26 last mentioned, which have received 
contributions from the Literature fund for the specific purpose of purchas- 
ing books and apparatus, and there remain 32, which have not received 
any aid from the State for that object. Of this number, 15 (nearly half) 
would be deficient to an amount less than $100, and 23 would be defi- 
cient to an amount less than $125. When it is considered that the aca- 
demies, in which these deficiencies exist, may supply them by investing 
their corporate property, if they have any exclusive of their buildings, 
in the purchase of books and apparatus, there would seem to be no hard- 
ship in fixing the value of the library at $150, and the value of the ap- 
paratus at the same amount, as a minimum, and to withhold from every 
academy which shall not conform to the established standard, the distri- 
butive share of the Literature fund, to which it would otherwise be en- 
titled. The academies are receiving very liberal contributions from the 
public funds, and it is not unreasonable to require them to provide them- 
selves with the books and apparatus, which are deemed necessary to make 
them adequate to the purposes of their institution. The object of the 
Literature fund was to promote classical studies and the higher branches 
of English education; and when this leading design is considered, in con- 
nexion with the munificent provision now made by the State to carry it 
into execution, the committee are of opinion that the standard above pro- 
posed should be established, and that all should be required to conform 
to it. As there are a few instances in which academies, having a small 
amount of corporate property, Avill have deficiencies amounting to com- 
paratively large sums, the committee suggest the propriety of providing 
for them by a separate resolution, in all cases where the deficiency shall 
exceed one hundred dollars. The provision which they propose, will not 
affect any academy which has received appropriations of money from the 
Literature fund for the purchase of books and apparatus, when the amounts 
so appropriated shall have been fully expended ; and as by means of such 
appropriations the academies for whose use they have been made, have 
been enabled to provide themselves with libraries and apparatus of the 



8 

value now proposed to be fixed as a minimum, it would seem no more 
than just to make some provision in aid of other academies, which have 
not been so assisted, in case the amount which they will be required to 
raise, in order to comply with the new requirement, is so great as to prove 
onerous. The committee beg leave to submit the following resolutions : 

Resolved, That no academy shall hereafter be allowed to participate in 
the distribution of the Literature fund, unless it shall have, at the time of 
making its annual report next preceding every such distribution, a library 
of the value of at least $150, and a philosophical and chemical appara- 
tus of at least the value of $150. 

Resolved, That if any academy, which shall not have a library and ap- 
paratus of the value of $150 each, shall raise by contribution from sources 
other than its corporate property, a sum equal to one-half the deficiency, 
(provided such deficiency exceed $100,) so as to become entitled to an 
equal amount from the Literature fund, such academy shall be deemed 
to have complied with the foregoing resolution. 

The report of the committee, of which the above is a copy, was ac- 
cepted, and the resolutions therein submitted were adopted, by the Re- 
gents, at their meeting of the 7th of June, above referred to; and the 
secretary was directed to transmit copies of both the report and resolutions 
to all the academies subject to the visitation of the Regents. 

Appropriations of money to Academies for the purchase of hooks and 

apparatus. 

The fund which the Regents of the University are empowered by law 
to appropriate annually to academies for the purchase of books and appa- 
ratus, being limited in amount, and the appropriations made during the 
last year having exhausted the fund for that year, and several applications 
for such appropriations having been laid over for the next year, it became 
necessary for the Regents to adopt some general provisions relative to 
priority of right in cases where all applications made cannot be granted. 
The following resolutions, offered by Mr. Dix, in view of the considera- 
tions above stated, were adopted by the Regents, iat their meeting of the 
7th of June, before referred to, and copies thereof were ordered to be 
sent to the academies. 

Resolved, That whenever there shall be applications to this Board for 
appropriations of money to purchase books and apparatus, and there shall 
not be a sufficient amount on hand to grant all such applications, the pre- 
ference shall be given to those academies which shall, at the time, have 
received the least amount from the Literature fund for that purpose. 

Resolved, That whenever applications shall come before the Board at 



9 

its first annual meeting, or any subsequent adjourned meeting, before the 
annual report of the Board to the Legislature shall be adopted, from aca- 
demies which shall have received appropriations of money for the pur- 
chase of books and apparatus, such applications shall be reserved until 
that time, for the purpose of ascertaining whether other applications shall 
be made from academies not having received such appropriations. 

ApplicatioTis for money to purchase books and apparatus. 

In the printed pamphlet containing the general instructions of the 
Regents to academies, issued in 1S38, a form is prescribed for applica- 
tions to the Regents for money to purchase books and apparatus; but 
through inadvertence in preparing the form, it was omitted to be stated 
that the application should be verified by the oath of the President or per- 
son presiding at the meeting of the Trustees when it was directed to be 
made. Several applications, made during the present j'ear, not having 
been so verified, were, in consequence of such defect, sent back to have 
the defect corrected. And a similar course will hereafter be taken in si- 
milar cases; but it is hoped that the intimation here given Avill prevent 
the recurrence of such cases for the future. 

It will be seen from the form above referred to, that academies apply- 
ing for appropriations of money for the purchase of books, &c. are requir- 
ed to state that they have themselves raised for the same purpose a like 
sum of money. Cases have occurred where contributions made in books, 
minerals, &c. have been claimed by academies as a sufficient compliance 
with the above requirement ; but the Regents have, in all such cases, de- 
cided " that contributions made to academies for the purpose of enabling 
them to obtain appropriations of money from the State for the purchase of 
hooks and apparatus, must he made in actual money ;'''' not in books, mine- 
rals, or other articles of property, which are not money. 

In cases where academies, having raised certain sums of money for 
their general endowment, applied parts of it to the purchase of books and 
apparatus, and in consideration of having so applied it, petitioned for a 
like appropriation from the Regents for the like purpose, the petition has 
in all such cases been denied; the Regents having decided, ^^ that all 
contributions for such purposes should he made with special reference to 
some intended application to the Regents for a like appropriation, and in 
consideration thereof'' 

The act of the Legislature of the 22d of April, 1834, under Avhich ap- 
plications for appropriations of money for the purchase of books and appa- 
ratus are made, having provided that the money obtained on such appli- 
cations shall be applied, under the direction of the Regents, to the pur- 
chase of " text books, maps, globes,''^ &c. ; and some academies having 

2 



10 

understood the words '•^text boohs,^^ as used in the act, to mean class 
books, or books required for actual use in academic classes, it became 
necessary for the Regents, in exercise of the discretion conferred on them 
by the act, to give a construction to the words " text hooks." They ac- 
cordingly, in 1835, gave such a construction to these words, as to include 
under them all standard books, whether designed for use as class or text 
books, or otherwise. In their report to the Legislature for 1835, the Re- 
gents stated their reasons for giving a construction to the words above re- 
ferred to, beyond what their strict literal import would seem to warrant. 

Recommendation of books and apparatus to be purchased by academies. 

Several academies having, in their applications for money to purchase 
books and apparatus, requested the Regents to designate the particular 
books and articles of apparatus most suitable for them to purchase, it was 
referred by the Regents to their standing committee on the appropriation 
of money for the purchase of books and apparatus, to make, in all such 
cases, the designation requested. 

Mr. Dix, as chairman of the committee above referred to, has, with the 
approbation of the other members of the committee, prepared, in pursu- 
ance of the above order of reference, a list of books recommended by 
them, which is here published for the information of academies. 

Books. 
The following list is furnished for the purpose of indicating the kinds 
of books which the Regents of the University consider proper to consti- 
tute libraries for the academies ; but it is not intended to restrict the aca- 
demies exclusively to this list in making their selections. If other books 
are desired, the propriety of allowing them to be purchased will be de- 
termined by the Board when applications for the appropriation of money 
for the purpose shall be made. In the catalogues accompanying all such 
applications, the selections from the following list will be distinguished 
from selections not made from it, by placing them in different columns, 
with these captions, viz: 

1. Books selected from the list prepared by the Regents. 

2. Books not taken from the Regents' list. 

THEOLOGY AND ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 

Chalmers' Evidences and Authority of Christian Revelation. 
Butler's Analogy. 

Burnet's History of the Reformation. 
Hannah Adams' View of all Religions. 
' Josephus' Works. 
Watson's Apology. 



11 

Paley's Evidences of Christianity. 
Pilgrim's Progress. 
WoUaston's Religion of Nature. 
Buck's Theological Dictionary. 
Paley's Natural Theology. 
Mcllvaine's Evidences of Chistianity. 
Prideaux's Connections. 

HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY AND ANTIQUITIES. 

Bancroft's History of the United States. 

Ramsay's History of the United States. 

Graham's History of the United States. 

Botta's History of the American Revolution. _ 

Hume's History of England, with Smollett and Bissett's Contmua- 

tion. 
Goldsmith's History of England. 
Mcintosh's History of the Revolution of 16S8. 
Russell's History of Ancient and Modern Europe. 
Mavor's Universal History. 
Gibbon's Roman Empire. 
Ferguson's Roman Republic. 
Goldsmith's History of Rome. 
Niebuhr's History of Rome. 
Sparks' American Biography. 

Gillies' History of the World, from Alexander to Augustus. 
Gillies' History of Greece. 
Mavor's History of Greece. 
RoUin's Ancient History. 
Tytler's Universal History. 
Robertson's History of America. 
Robertson's History of Scotland. 
Robertson's History of India. 
Robertson's History of Charles V. 
Millott's Ancient and Modern History. 
Hallam's History of the Middle Ages. 
Belknap's History of New-Hampshire. 
Hutchinson's History of Massachusetts. 
Smith's History of New- York. 
Eastman's History of New- York. 
Smith's History of New-Jersey. 
Trumbull's History of Connecticut. 
Keith's History of Virginia. 
Williamson's History of North-Carolina. 
Williams' History of Vermont. 
Bozman's History of Maryland. 
Watson's Life of Philip II. 
Watson's Life of Philip III. 
De Stael on the French Revolution. 
Heeren's Historical Works. 
Bolingbroke's Letters on History. 
Botta's Italy under Napoleon. 



12 

Gordon's History of Ireland. 

Coote's Continuation of Russell. 

Molina's History of Chili. 

Southey's History of Brazil. 

Mills' History of Chivalry. 

Mills' History of the Crusades. 

Murphy's Tacitus. 

Thompson's Suetonius. 

Hampton's Polybius. 

Athens, its Rise and Fall, by Bulwer. 

Wheaton's History of the Northmen. 

Lee's Memoirs of the War in the Southern States. 

Schiller's Thirty Years' War in Germany. 

Kennet's Roman Antiquities. 

Adams' Roman Antiquities. 

Potter's Grecian Antiquities. 

Archaeologia Americana. 

Marshall's Life of Washington. 

Sparks' Life of Washington. 

Ramsay's Life of Washington. 

Life of La Fayette. 

Franklin's Life and Essays. 

Irving's Life of Columbus. 

Middleton's Life of Cicero. 

Wirt's Life of Patrick Henry. 

Voltaire's Life of Peter the Great. 

Voltaire's Life of Charles XII. 

Plutarch's Lives. 

Prescott's History of Ferdinand and Isabella. 

Cooper's History of the Navy. 

Boswell's Life of Johnson. 

Biography of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence, 

Lempriere's Universal Biography. 

Elliot's American Biographical Dictionary. 

Labaume's Campaign of Napoleon in Russia. 

Sully's Memoirs. 

JURISPRUDENCE, POLITICS AND COMMERCE, 

Secret Debates in the Convention of the United States. 

Beck's Medical Jurisprudence. 

Blackstone's Commentaries. 

Kent's Commentaries. 

Federalist. 

Debates in the New- York Convention. 

Diplomacy of the United States. 

Millar's View of the English Government. 

Everet's Europe. 

Everet's America. 

Ferguson's Civil Society. 

Junius, (Woodfalls'.) 

Malthus on Population. 



13 

Malthus on Political Economy. 

Debates in the Massachusetts Convention. 

Debates in the Virginia Convention. 

Montesquieu's Spirit of Laws. 

Aristotle's Ethics and Politics, (Gillies' Translation.) 

Puffendorf 's Law of Nature and Nations. 

Kicardo's Political Economy. 

Say's Political Economy. 

Vethake's Political Economy. 

Wayland's Political Economy. 

McVickar's Political Economy. 

Vattel's Law of Nations. 

Grotius. 

Washington's Letters. 

Lord Brougham's Speeches. 

Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations, (McCuUoch's Edition.) 

Bentham on Morals and Legislation. 

Constitutions of the States. 

Miss Martineau's Illustrations of Political Economy. 

The Madison Papers. 

PERIODICAL AND COLLECTIVE WORKS. 

Silliman's Journal. 
Encyclopoedia Americana. 
Nicholson's Encyclopoedia. 
Treasury of Knowledge. 
Annals of Education. 
The Cultivator. 

Harper's Classical Series, consisting of 
Xenophon. 

Leland's Demosthenes. 
Rose's Sallust. 
Caesar's Commentaries. 
Cicero. 
Virgil. 
jEschylus. 
Sophocles. 
Euripides. 

Horace and Phoedrus. 
Ovid. 

Thucydides. 
Livy. 

Herodotus. 
Homer. 

Harper's Family Library, consisting of 
Milman's History of the Jews. 
Lockhart's Napoleon. 
Southey's Life of Nelson. 
Williams' Life of Alexander the Great. 
Natural History of Insects. 
Gait's Life of Lord Byron. 



14 



Bush's Life of Mahommed. 

Scott on Demonology. 

Gleig's Bible History. 

The Polar Seas. 

Croly's Life of George IV. 

Discovery and Adventure in Africa. 

Cunningham's Life of Painters and Sculptors. 

Chivalry and the Crusades. 

Bell's Life of Mary Queen of Scotts. 

Russell's Ancient and Modern Egypt. 

History of Poland. 

Smith's Festivals, Games and Amusements. 

Life of Sir Isaac Newton. 

Russell's Palestine. 

Memoirs of Josephine. 

The Court and Camp of Bonaparte. 

Lives of Early Navigators. 

Description of Pitcairn's Island. 

Turner's Sacred History. 

Memoirs of Celebrated Female Sovereigns. 

Lander's Africa. 

Abercrombie's Intellectual Powers. 

Celebrated Travellers. 

Life of Frederick II. 

Venetian History. 

Thatcher's Indian Lives. 

History of India. 

Brewster on Natural Magic. 

History of Ireland. 

Discoveries on the Northwest Coasts of America. 

Humbolt's Travels. 

Euler's Natural Philosophy. 

Mudie's Guide to the Observation of Nature. 

Abercrombie on the Moral Feelings. 

Dick on Societj^ 

James' Life of Charlemagne. 

Nubia and Abyssinia. 

Life of Cromwell. 

Montgomery's Lectures. 

Peter the Great. 

Eminent Painters. 

History of Arabia. 

History of Persia. 

Combe's Physiology. 

History of the Barbary States. 

Paulding's Life of Washington. 

The Philosophy of Living. 

Higgins on the Earth. 

History of Italy. 

The Chinese. 

Circumnavigation of the Globe. 

Celestial Scenery. 



15 



So much of Harpers' Common School Library as is not included in 
the Family Library, 



Lardner's Cabinet CyclopjEDIA, consisting of 

History. 

England, 

Ireland, 

Scotland, 

United States of America. 

France, 

Netherlands, 

Switzerland. 

Denmark, Sweden and Norway, 

Poland, 

Germanic Empire, 

Russia, 

Spain and Portugal, 

Europe during the Middle Ages, 

Italian Republics, 

Fall of the Roman Empire, 

Rome. 

Greece, 
Grecian and Roman Antiquities. 

The Church, 

Reformation, 

Maritime Discovery, 

Outlines of History, 

Chronology of History, 

Biography. 
British Lawyers, 
British Military Commanders, 
British Naval Commanders, 
British Statesmen, 
Foreign Statesmen, 



by Sir James Mcintosh, Sec 
" T. Moore. 
" Sir Walter Scott. 

by E. E. Crowe. 
" T. C. Grattan. 

by S. A. Dunham. 
" S. A. Dunham. 
" S. A. Dunham. 
" Robert Bell. 
" S. A. Dunham. 
" S. A. Dunham. 
" De Sismondi. 
" De Sismondi. 

by Rev. C. Thirlwall. 

by Rev. H. Stebbing. 
" Rev. H. Stebbing. 
" W. D. Cooley. 
" T. Keightly. 
" Sir H. Nicholas. 

by H. Roscoe. 
'■' Rev. G. R. Gleig. 
" R. Southey. 
" Macintosh, &c. 
" G. P. R. James, &c. 



Literary and Scientific Men of Great Britain. 

" " of France, by Mrs. Shelley and others. 

" " of Italy, Spain, &c. " J. Montgomery and others. 

Natural Philosophy, ^c. 



Preliminary Discourse, 
History of Natural Philosophy, 
Treatise on Arithmetic, 

" " Astronomy, 

" " Mechanics, 

" " Opticks, 

" " Heat, 

" " Chemistry, 

*' " Hydrostatics and Pneu- 

matics, 
Essay on Probabilities, 

Ay'ts and Mantifactxtres. 
Brewing, Baking, &c. 
Silk Manufacture. 



by Sir J. Herschell. 
" Professor Powell. 
" Dr. Lardner. 
" Sir J. Herschell. 
" Capt. Kater & Dr. Lardr 
" Sir D. Brewster. 
" Dr. Lardner. 
" Professor Donovan. 



Dr. Lardner. 
Professor De Morgan. 

by Professor Donovan. 



16 

Manufactures in Metal. 
Porcelain and Glass. 

Natural History. 

Preliminary Discourse, by W. Swainson. 

Geology, " Professor Phillips. 

Botany, " Eev. J. S. Henslow. 
Geography and Classification of Animals, " W. Swainson. 

Quadrupeds, " W. Swainson. 

Birds, " W. Swainson. 

Animals in Menageries, " W. Swainson. 

Fishes, " W. Swainson. 

Library of Entertaining Kkowledge, consisting of 

Class 1. — Natural History. 
Menageries. 
Birds. 
Insects. 
Vegetable substances. 

, Class 2. — History and Biography. 

Paris and its Historical Scenes. 

Pursuit of Knowledge under Difficulties. 

Criminal Trials. 

Historical Parallels. 

Secret Societies. 

Distinguished Men of Modern Times. 

Class 3. — Arts and Antiquities. 
Pompeii. 
British Museum — Egyptian Antiquities. 

" " Elgin Marbles. 

" , " Townley Marbles. 

•' " Bronzes and Vases. 

History of British Costume. 

Class 4. — Descriptive Geography. 
New Zealanders. 
The Hindoos. 
Backwoods of Canada. 
The Modern Egyptians. 
The Chinese. 

The Penny Cyclopaedia. 

The Penny Magazine. 

The Library of Useful Knowledge, now publishing in numbers. 

ARTS AND SCIENCES, 

Including Natural Philosophy, Natural History, &c. 

Brande's Dissertation on Chemical Philosophy. 

Emerson's Mechanics. 

Ferguson's Astronomy. 

Good's Book of Nature. 

Haines on the New-York Canals. 

Keith on the Globes. 



17 

Nicholson's Natural Philosophy, 

Playfair's History of Natural Philosophy- 

Rumford's Essays. 

Chemistry applied to Agriculture. 

Bakewell's introduction to Geology. 

How to observe Geology. 

De la Beche's Geological Manual. 

Cuvier's Animal Kingdom. 

Arnott's Physicks. 

Bridgewater Treatises. 

Cleveland's Mineralogy. 

Bigelow's Technology. 

Lyell's Geology. 

Phillips' Guide to Geology. 

Peale's Graphics. 

Yale College Mathematics. 

Cambride Mathematics. 

Hutton's Mathematics. 

Bourdon's Algebra, by Davies. 

Davies' Mathematical Works. 

Gibson's Surveying. 

Gummere's Surveying, 

Olmstead's Philosophy. 

Cambridge Course of Philosophy. 

Webster's Manual of Chemistry. 

Parke's Chemical Catechism. 

Beck's Chemistry. 

Burnett's Geography of the Heavens. 

Wallace on the Globes. 

Wayland's Moral Philosophy. 

Parkhurst's Moral Philosophy. 

Upham's Intellectual Philosophy. 

Scientific Class Book. 
Enfield's Philosophy. 

Comstock's Mineralogy. 
" Botany. 

" Chemistry. 

" Natural Philosophy. 

Smellie's Philosophy of Natural History. 

Cuvier's Revolutions of the Globe. 
Theory of the Earth. 

Shepard's Mineralogy. 

Cousin's History of Philosophy. 

Laplace's M^chanique Celeste, (Translated by Bowditch.) 

Newton's Principia. 

Nuttal's Ornithology. 

Wilson's Ornithology. 

Bowditch's Navigator. 

Whateley's Logic and Rhetoric. 

Ure's Chemical and Mineralogical Dictionary. 

Sir Humphry Davy's Elements of the Philosophy of Chemistry. 

Rush on the Human Voice. 

Beck's Botany. 

3 



18 

Dana's Mineralogy. 
Sganzin's Civil Engineering, 
Hassler's Mathematical Tables, 
Farrar's Electricity and Magnetism, 
Godman's Natural History. 

VOYAGES AND TRAVELS, GEOGEAPHICAL AND STATISTI- 

CAL WORKS. 

Bruce's Travels in Abysinia. 

Park's Travels in Africa. 

Lewis and Clark's Travels to the Pacific Ocean. 

Pitkin's Statistical View of the United States. 

Long's Expedition to the Rocky Mountains. 

Parry's First, Second and Third Voyages. 

Shaler's Sketch of Algiers. 

Anson's Voyage round the World. 

Boswell's Tour to the Hebrides. 

Chateaubriand's Travels in Greece and Egypt. 

Clarke's Travels in Russia. 

" Travels in Greece, Egypt and Holy Land. 

Cook's Voyages. 
Belzoni's Travels in Egypt. 
Eustace's Classical Tour through Italy. 
Forsyth's Italy. 
John Bell's Italy. 

Franklin's Journey to the Polar Sea. 
Russell's Tour in Germany. 
Heber's Travels in India. 

Humboldt's Personal Narrative of his Travels in South America. 
Lady Morgan's Italy. 
Jefferson's Notes on Virginia. 
Johnson's Journey to the Hebrides. 
Malcom's Sketches of Persia. 
Mavor's Collection of Voyages and Travels. 
Poinsett's Notes on Mexico. 
Lempriere's Tour in Morocco. 
Porter's Travels in Russia and Sweden. 
Schoolcraft's Travels to the Northwest Regions of the U. States. 

" Travels in the Valley of the Mississippi. 

Silliman's Travels in England, Scotland and Holland. 
Carter's Letters from Europe. 
Hobhouse's Albania. 
La Martine's Pilgrimage. 
Laborde's Petroea. 
Incidents of Travel in Egypt, &c. 
Capt. Back's Expedition. 
Amherst's Embassy to China. 
A Year in Spain. 
Barrow's Visit to Iceland. 
Dwight's Travels in Germany. 

Woodbridge and Willard's Ancient and Modern Geography. 
Malte-Brun's Geography. 



19 



Balbi's Geography. 

Brooks and Marshall's Universal Gazetteer. 

Simonds' Switzerland. 

Gordon's Gazetteer of New-York. 

Henderson's Residence in Iceland. 

Ellis' Polynesian Researches. 

Laing's Voyage to Norway. 

POETRY. 

Shakspeare. 

Milton's Poetical Works. 
Pope's Homer. 
Dryden's Virgil. 
Thompson's Seasons. 
Beattie's Minstrel. 
Cowper's Poetical Works. 
Falconer's Poems. 
Young's Poems. 



Pope's Works. 



MISCELLANEOUS. 



Alison on Taste. 

Anatomy of Melancholy. 

Addison's Works. 

Campbell's Philosophy of Rhetoric. 

British Prose Writers. 

Bacon's Essays. 

Beattie's Elements of Moral Science. 

Blair's Lectures. 

Burke on the Sublime and Beautiful. 

Paley's Moral and Political Philosophy. 

Burgh's Dignity of Human Nature. 

Washington Irving's Works. 

©'Israeli's Curiosities of Literature. 

Diversions of Purley. 

Karnes' Elements of Criticism. 

Williston's Eloquence of the United States. 

Guardian. 

Germany, by Madame De Stael. 

Harris' Hermes. 

Hazlit's Eloquence of the British Senate. 

Locke's Works. 

Lacon. 

Melmoth's Pliny. 

Spectator. 

Sismondi's Literature of the South of Europe. 

Stewart's Philosophy. 

Reid's Philosophy. 

Brown's Philosophy. 

Dunlop's History of Roman Literature. 

Smith's Moral Sentiments. 

Telemachus. 



20 

Johnson's Works. 

Goldsmith's Works. 

Phillips, Curran and Grattan. 

Chatham, Burke and Erskine. 

Public Instruction in Prussia. 

Rush on the Mind. 

Seneca's Morals. 

Crabbe's Synonymes. 

Webster's Philosophical Grammar. 

Newman's Rhetoric. 

Johnson's Dictionary. 

Abbott's Teacher. 

Letters to a Student in the First Stages of Education. 

Spurzheim's Elementary Principles of Education. 

Edgeworth on Practical Education. 

Lectures on School-keeping, by Emerson Davis. 

Hall's Lectures on School-keeping. 

Student's Manual. 

Lectures before the American Institute. 

Historical Description of the First Public School in Hartford. 

Babington on Education. 

Education of Children, by John Hall. 

Grimke's Reflections on the Objects of Science. 

Young Man's Guide. 

Wood's Account of Edinburgh Sessional School. 

Taylor's District School. 

Schoolmaster's Friend and Committee-man's Guide. 

Teacher's Guide. 

Library of Education. 

Manual of Classical Literature. 

Combe on Health and Education. 

Young Citizen's Manual. 

Wayland's Human Responsibility. 

St. Pierre's Studies of Nature. 

Anacharsis' Travels. 

Drake's Essays on the Spectator, &c. 

Hints on Education, by Wines. 

Cousin's State of Education in Holland. 

Simpson on Popular Education. 

Cromby's Etymology and Syntax of the English Language. 

Means and Ends, or Self-training, by Miss Sedgwick. 

Guizot's History of Civilization in Europe. 

Cousin's History of Philosophy. 

Apparatus. 
The following articles of philosophical, chemical, and mechanical ap- 
paratus, &c. are recommended for the use of academies, in the order in 
which they are enumerated, that is, their relative values, as estimated 
by the committee, are indicated by the numbers prefixed to them in the 
list ; so that where the funds of an academy will only admit of the pur- 
chase of a part of the articles enumerated, those ^rs? named may he first 
purchased. 



21 

1. Globes, terrestrial and celestial, Maps, &c. 

2. Instruments for surveying. 

3. Air pump. 

4. Chemical apparatus. 

5. A suite of Mineralogical and Geological specimens. 

6. The Mechanical powers and Hydrostatical apparatus. 

7. A Telescope and Quadrant. 

8. Electrical apparatus. 

9. Orrery and Moveable Planisphere. 

10. Numeral frame and Geometrical solids. 

11. Tide dial, &c. 

Departments for the Education of Common School Teachers. 

The following resolution was adopted by the Regents of the University, 
at their meeting of the 7th June, 1839, and the Secretary was directed 
to send copies of it to the several academies affected by it. 

It being made by law the duty of the Regents of the University to re- 
quire of every academy receiving a distributive share of public money 
equal to $700 per annum, to establish and maintain a department for the 
instruction of common school teachers; therefore, 

Resolved, That every such academy, subject to the visitation of the 
Regents, be required to establish and maintain a department therein for 
the instruction of common school teachers.* 

In the general instructions of the Regents, published in 1838, from 
page 63 to 70, will be found all the instructions ever issued by the Re- 
gents relative to departments for the education of common school teach- 
ers; and in the annual report of the Regents to the Legislature for 1835, 
from page 89 to 100, will be found an elaborate report from a committee 
of their Board, containing the views of the Regents on the subject of such 
departments. 

Some of the academies, in which departments for the education of 
common school teachers have been established, appearing from their re- 
ports to the Regents to doubt whether students belonging to such depart- 

• The following is a list of the academies required by this resolution to establish 
departments, &c. 

Erasmus Hall Academy, Flatbush, Kings county. 
Amenia Seminary, Amenia, Dutchess county. 
Albany Female Academy, Albany. 
Troy Female Seminary, Troy. 

Genesee Wesleyan Seminary, Lima, Livingston county. 
Cortland Academy, Homer, Cortland county. 
Rochester Collegiate Institute, Rochester. 
Ithaca Academy, Ithaca, Tompkins county. 

There are other academies which receive more than $700 a year from the public 
money, but departments are already established in them. G. H. 



22 

merits can be considered classical students, or students in the higher 
branches of English education, so as to entitle the academy to distribu- 
tive shares of the public money, it is deemed proper to inform such aca- 
demies, that all such students will entitle them to a share of the public 
money, provided their studies are of the required character and continue 
for the prescribed period of time, (four months in each year.) The fact 
of their belonging to the department, does not disqualify them from being 
classical students, &c. 

Term of Study in each Academic year. 
In some few academies, scholars, who have not pursued classical studies, 
or the higher branches of English education, four months of the year, 
ending on the date of the annual report, but who, having pursued such 
studies for four months, including fractional parts of the previous year, 
not covered by the report of that year, are reported and claimed to have 
pursued the requisite studies, for the requisite time, to entitle the institu- 
tion, to which they belong, to a distributive share of the public money on 
their account ; thus adding together fractions of time in two different aca- 
demic years, to make up the whole period of four months required for a 
single year. But all such claims have been invariably rejected; the law 
of the State and the ordinances of the Regents requiring, in the most 
explicit terms, the time of study to be four months of the year ending on 
the date of the report. The Regents allow the trustees of each academy 
to arrange the terms, or sessions, of their academic year, as they may 
think proper; but they are required to make their report for the year end- 
ing with the close of the term nearest to the first of January; and when 
the terms are so established, the academic year must be governed by 
them. Fractions of time in one year can in no case be used for another 
year. 

Incorporation of Academies. 
In the last instructions from the Regents of the University, a form was 
given for applications to the Regents for the incorporation of academies ; 
but it was omitted to be stated, that the applications must be verified by 
oath, &c. Applications having been made without being verified by oath, 
and having in consequence of such omission been either denied or sent 
back to be verified, it is proper to inform applicants for acts of incorpora- 
tion, that their applications must be verified by oath in the usual form; 
and generally, that all applications to the Regents, founded on matters of 
fact, should be verified in like manner. 



23 

Meteorology. 
The following communication from Doctor Beck, the Principal of the 
Albany Academy, relating to various matters interesting to the cause of 
meteorology, is published for the information of meteorological observers, 
in the hope that the suggestions submitted to them will be adopted, and 
the results anticipated realized. 

" The increasing attention bestowed on this science, and the important 
discoveries which it is producing, render it worthy of diligent cultivation. 
It is to be hoped that the Legislature will ere long enable the Regents to 
increase the instruments to be distributed among those academies which 
are engaged in observing. A bill to this effect passed the Assembly at 
its last session, and was probably only lost in the Senate through the 
hurry of business at the close. Meanwhile we invite the attention of ob- 
servers to the following points: 

" 1. Thunder Storms. The neglect in registering their occurrence, and 
noting the day on which they happen, and thus enabling us to form com- 
parative tables, both of their frequency and their prevalence in particular 
months, is severely censured by M. Arago, in a late memoir on Thunder 
Storms and their phoenomena. After remarking that these things are not 
noticed in the Tables of the Royal Society of London, he adds that a simi- 
lar omission exists in the Academical Collections of the United States of 
America. Presuming that by these he can only mean the Meteorological 
Reports of the academies in the State of New- York, we suggest that 
every occurrence of a thunder storm be registered, so that at the end of 
the year, tables may be constructed, giving the number in each month, 
and the total for each year. 

" Storms. The phoenomena of these are acquiring great interest through 
the investigations of Mr. Redfield, of New- York, and Col. Ried, of the 
British army. If possible, note the force and direction of the wind when 
they commence ; the number of hours that the wind continues in that di- 
rection; whether it varies, and if so, to what direction; how long this 
continues, and how much rain (if any) falls. State as near as possible, 
the length of time that the storm continues. 

'■'^ Aurora Borealis. Be particular in noticing whether foul weather (and 
what description of it) occurs within 48 or 60 hours after the appearance 
of an aurora. 

" T. R. BECK. 

" Albany, June 19th, 1839." 

The Secretary of the University avails himself of the opportunity here 
presented, to communicate, for the information of meteorological obser- 
vers, notice of the following fact, taken from the article " Meteorology," 



24 

in the edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica, now in course of publica- 
tion. 

" Observations from the Rain gauge (understood to have been recently 
made) have been found to indicate very different quantities of rain as fall- 
ing upon the very same spot, according to the different elevations of the 
gauge. In general, less rain is collected in high than in low situations, 
even though the diflerence of altitude should be inconsiderable. Thus it 
was discovered that in the space of a year, while 12.1 inches only fell on 
the top of Westminster Abbey, 18.1 were collected on the roof of a house 
16 feet lower ; and even 22.6 inches of rain at the ground. Similar ob- 
servations have been made at the summit and near the base of hills of no 
great elevation." 

The Secretary has also been informed, that recent observations of the 
relative quantities of rain falling on the top of the State House in Boston 
and on the ground at or near it, have been attended with similar results — 
showing a difference approaching to one-half; the quantity at the summit 
being but little more than half of that at the base, or on the ground near 
to it. 

In view of the facts above stated, and of the extraordinary character 
of the results deduced from them, it is desirable to have further experi- 
ments made to enable us to test the truth of such results. The gentle- 
men who attend to the meteorological observations at the academies, and 
who are supplied with two kinds of rain gages, are therefore requested 
to place one of their gages on the top of their academy edifice, or on some 
other higher elevation which may be accessible to them, and to note the 
difference, if any, in the quantity of rain falling there and on the ground 
at or near by. They will then please to communicate the results of their 
observations in an appendix to the meteorological returns annually made 
to the Regents. It is hoped the trouble of making such additional obser- 
vations will be disregarded, in view of the importance to the cause of 
science of the results expected from them. 

GIDEON HAWLEY, 

Secretary of the University. 
Albany, June 20th, 1839. 



The foUo" 
ed thereon, is pu 
visitation. 

At a meeting 
to prepare and subm 
shares in the distribu 
proper to accompan 



By the annual 
it appears that the tr 
stated periods, and hi 
of those institutions, 
of the cases, in wW 
taken charge of them 
tuition and the sum a 
inadequacy of the re^ 
the right of prescribi 

The committee 
zation which the law 
arrangement and for 
the public benefits w] 
cipate in the distribu 
buildings are leased, 
study, it is manifest t 
were created, is virti 
may not always corr 

By the Revise 
and prescribe the co\ 
other necessary offic( 




Concerning the delegation by Trustees 

The Regents of the University having asc 
the practice has to some extent existed, of ren 
the power of employing teachers, fixing the con 
the course of study and discipline, 

BO < 
That all contracts between the Trustees of an A 
the academic building, or by which the right of ] 
compensation, cr regulating the charges for tuiti 
trustees are invested by law ; and that no Acade 
continuance of the contract, a distributive share 
tees from leasing buildings belonging to the Aca 
poses than those of study and recitation. 



( CIRCULAR. ) 

The following report from a committee of the Regents of the University, with the Ordinance found- 
ed thereon, is published by order of the Regents, for the information of the Academies subject to tlieir 
visitation. 

At a meeting of the Regents of the University, held March 31, 1840, ]\Ir. Dii, from the committee to whom it was referred 
to prepare and submit to the Board the draft of an Ordinance defining the conditions on which Academies are to receive future 
shares in the distribution of the income of the Literature Fund, submitted the following report, wliich tlie committee deemed 
proper to accompany the draught of the Ordinance prepared by them in obedience to the said reference. 

REPORT : 

By the annual reports of the Academies, on wliich the last distribution of the income of the Literature Fimd was founded, 
it appears that the trustees of several institutions have rented the buildings erected for their use to particular individuals, for 
slated periods, and have surrendered into the hands of such individuals, to a greater or less extent, the management of Uie all'airs 
of those institutions, in respect to the employment and compensation of teachers and the course of education therein. In most 
of the cases, in wliich such contracts have been made, the persons to whom the academic buildings have been leased, have 
taken charge of them as Principals, and have had the general direction of the aflairs of the institutions, receiving tlie fees of 
tuition and the sura apportioned to them from the income of tlie Literature Fund, agreeing to sustain any loss arising from tlie 
inadequacy of the revenue to the expenditure, and sometimes paying a stipulated yearly rent to the trustees. In some instances, 
the right of prescribing the course of discipline and study has been surrendered to such persons by the trustees. 

The committee consider this practice directly at variance with the design of these institutions, and witli tlie peculiar organi- 
zation which the law has given them. The tiustees are intended as a Board for the regulation of all that concerns their internal 
arrangement and for the management of their fiscal aflairs. Their duties are essentially of a public nature ; and it is in view of 
the public benefits which are expected to flow from the judicious management of these institutions, that they are allowed to parti- 
cipate ill the distribution of the public moneys. If they are mismanaged, the tiustees should be responsible. Yet, if the academic 
buildings are leased, and the lessee authorized to employ and regulate the compensation of teachers, and prescribe the coiurse of 
study, it is manifest that the responsibility of any failure on the part of the institutions to accomplish tlie objects for which they 
were created, is virtually transferred from the trustees, their legal managers and guardians, to the lessee, whose private interests 
may not always correspond with those of the public. 

By the Revised Statutes, vol. 1, page 462, sec. 42, (ed. of 1829,) the trustees of the Academics arc autliorized " to direct 
and prescribe the course of discipline and study in the Academy j" " to appoint a treasurer, cleric, jirincipal, masters, tutors, and 
other necessary officers of the Academy; who, unless employed under a special contiact, shall hold llicir offices during the plea- 
sure of the trustees j" " to ascertain aad fix the salaries of all the oflicers of the Academy," &c. 

It appears to the committee that these are trusts which cannot be divested or delegated by those to whom the law lias con- 
fided them. This principle seems to have been settled by the Court of Chancery in the case of the Auburn Academy, reported in 
1 Hopkins, 276. In accordance with this construction of the law, the committee regard all contracts between the trustees of an 
Academy and individuals, by which the power of appointing teachers and fixing their compensation, and of regulating the course 
of discipline and study in the Academy is surrendered, as a violation of their trust, which ought to exclude every such Academy 
from a participation in the annual distiibution of the revenue of the Literature Fund. The committee also deem it of the utmost 
importance that the tuition fees to be paid by students should be fixed by the trustees. Although this duty is not expressly enjoin- 
ed on them by statute, it results from the nature of their trust, and it cannot be delegated to others consistently with the responsibi- 
lity of managing the pecuniary concerns of the institution under their charge so as to accomplish the public objects for which it 
was created. The public moneys annually appropriated for the support of the Academies, are to be applied to the payment of 
the wages of teachers. The object of such application is to reduce the rate of tUJtion fva^, and to bring these institutions within 
the reach of a greater number of persons. This important object may be wholly' defeated by surrendering to the Principals tlie 
right of regulating the charges for tuition, as their interest is to obtain the highest possible rates and thus increase their own com- 
pensation. The same public considerations which render it proper for trustees of Academics to retain In their own hands the right 
of fixing tuition fees, also dictate that the entire control of the academic buildings should not be surrendered to lliird persons. 

The committee submit the draught of an Ordinance in conformity to the foregoing views. 



AN ORDINANCE 
of Academies to third persons, of the powers conferred on said 

Trustees hy law. 

;ertained from the reports of some of the Academies subject to their visitation, that 
ting the academic buildings to third persons as Principals; and delegating to them 
ipensation of such teachers, regulating the charges for tuition, and prescribing 

[>RDAI]V AND DECIiARE, 

cademy and third persons, which divest the former of their power of controlling 
prescribing the course of discipline and study, of employing teachers and fixing their 
on, is delegated to such third persons, are in violation of the trust with which said 
my, the trustees of which shall make such a contract, shall be allowed, during the 
of the Literature Fund. But this Ordinance is not intended to restrain such trus- 
demies under their charge, which have been erected or purchased for other pur- 

A true copy. 

GIDEON HAWLEY, 

Secretary of the Universiiy. 



AN ORDINANCE 
Concerning the delegation by Trustees of Academies to third persons, of the powers conferred on said 

Trustees by law. 
The Regents of the University having ascertained from the reports of some of the Academies subject to their visitation, that 
the practice has to some extent existed, of renting the academic buildings to third persons as Principals, and delegating to them 
the power of employing teachers, fixiag the compensation of such teachers, regulating the charges ibr tuition, and prescribing 
the course of study and discipline, 

DO ORDAIWr AWD DECIiARI}, 
That all contracts between the Trustees of an Academy and third persons, which divest the former of their power of controlling 
the academic building, or by which the right of prescribing the course of discipline and study, of employing teachers and fixing their 
compensation, cr regulating the charges for tuition, is delegated to such third persons, are in violation of the trust with which said 
trustees are invested by law ; and that no Academy, the trustees of which shall make such a contiact, shall be allowed, during the 
continuance of the contract, a distributive share of the Literature Fund. But this Ordinance is not intended to restraiji such trus- 
tees from leasing buildings belonging to the Academies under their charge, Avhich have been erected or purchased for olher pur- 
poses than those of study and recitation. 

A true copy. 

CIDEON KAWLKY, 

Scrrctanj of the Univcrsily. 



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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 

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021 289 215 4 9 



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